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Grade 9-10 > Language
Conventions of Standard English
L.9-10.1
Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English grammar and usage when writing or speaking.
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Use parallel structure.
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Use various types of phrases (noun, verb, adjectival, adverbial, participial, prepositional, absolute) and clauses (independent, dependent; noun, relative, adverbial) to convey specific meanings and add variety and interest to writing or presentations.
L.9-10.2
Demonstrate command of the conventions of standard English capitalization, punctuation, and spelling when writing.
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Use a semicolon (and perhaps a conjunctive adverb) to link two or more closely related independent clauses.
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Use a colon to introduce a list or quotation.
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Spell correctly.
Knowledge of Language
L.9-10.3
Apply knowledge of language to understand how language functions in different contexts, to make effective choices for meaning or style, and to comprehend more fully when reading or listening.
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Write and edit work so that it conforms to the guidelines in a style manual (e.g., MLA Handbook, Turabian's Manual for Writers) appropriate for the discipline and writing type.
Vocabulary Acquisition and Use
L.9-10.4
Determine or clarify the meaning of unknown and multiple-meaning words and phrases based on grades 9-10 reading and content, choosing flexibly from a range of strategies.
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Use context (e.g., the overall meaning of a sentence, paragraph, or text; a word's position or function in a sentence) as a clue to the meaning of a word or phrase.
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Identify and correctly use patterns of word changes that indicate different meanings or parts of speech (e.g., analyze, analysis, analytical; advocate, advocacy).
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Consult general and specialized reference materials (e.g., dictionaries, glossaries, thesauruses), both print and digital, to find the pronunciation of a word or determine or clarify its precise meaning, its part of speech, or its etymology.
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Verify the preliminary determination of the meaning of a word or phrase (e.g., by checking the inferred meaning in context or in a dictionary).
L.9-10.5
Demonstrate understanding of figurative language, word relationships, and nuances in word meanings.
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Interpret figures of speech (e.g., euphemism, oxymoron) in context and analyze their role in the text.
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Analyze nuances in the meaning of words with similar denotations.
L.9-10.6
Acquire and use accurately general academic and domain-specific words and phrases, sufficient for reading, writing, speaking, and listening at the college and career readiness level; demonstrate independence in gathering vocabulary knowledge when considering a word or phrase important to comprehension or expression.
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